What are the two main components of the U.S. Congress?

The two main components of the U.S. Congress are the Senate and the House of Representatives. These two bodies together make up the legislative branch of the federal government, responsible for making laws.

The Senate consists of two senators from each state, regardless of the state's population, ensuring equal representation for each state in the legislative process. This body is tasked with various responsibilities, including ratifying treaties and confirming presidential appointments.

The House of Representatives, on the other hand, is made up of representatives based on the population of each state, representing the interests of their constituents. The House has unique powers, such as initiating revenue bills and the authority to impeach federal officials.

Together, the Senate and House of Representatives work collaboratively to draft, debate, and pass legislation, making them essential components of the U.S. Congressional system. The other choices, while related to governance and legislative functions, do not accurately represent the specific structure of the United States Congress.