Which territory did the United States purchase from France in 1803?

The United States purchased the Louisiana Territory from France in 1803 in what is known as the Louisiana Purchase. This acquisition vastly expanded the territory of the United States, doubling its size at the time and significantly contributing to westward expansion. The purchase encompassed land that would eventually become several states, including Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Montana, Wyoming, and parts of Colorado and Minnesota.

The decision to purchase the territory was driven by several factors, including the desire for more land for agriculture and settlement, as well as the need to secure control of the Mississippi River, which was vital for trade. The Louisiana Purchase was considered a monumental achievement for the young nation, not only increasing its geographical size but also enhancing its resources and strategic position.